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目的分析2010年贵州省务川县甲肝暴发疫情可能的危险因素和传播途径,评价控制效果。方法采用统一的调查表对病例进行调查核实,了解病例的三间分布。结果 2010-01/08年共报告甲肝病例34例,报告病例来自大坪镇甘禾村塘池组及相邻的黄洋村陈家山和石院子组,罹患率0.11%;甘禾小学发病18例,罹患率2.96%。密切接触者隐性感染率20.51%,发病年龄以7~13岁较多,占52.94%,人群以学生(20例)及散居儿童(8例)发病较多,占82.35%,该镇2岁以上人群均无甲肝疫苗接种史。结论该起疫情系通过生活密切接触传播引起,发病地点主要为农村小学,应改善农村环境卫生开展健康教育宣传和甲肝疫苗应急接种,有效控制甲肝暴发。
Objective To analyze the possible risk factors and routes of transmission of hepatitis A outbreak in Wuchuan County, Guizhou Province in 2010 and evaluate the control effect. Methods A unified questionnaire was used to investigate the cases and verify the distribution of the three cases. Results A total of 34 Hepatitis A cases were reported from 2010 to 01/08. The reported cases were from Tongji group in Ganhe Village, Daping Town, and Chenjiashan and Shiyangzi groups in Huangyang Village, adjacent to Daping Town, with an attack rate of 0.11%; 18 cases of Ganhe Primary School , Attack rate of 2.96%. Infectious rate of close contacts was 20.51%, and the age of onset was 7 to 13 years old, accounting for 52.94%. The incidence of the disease was 82.35% in students (20 cases) and scattered children (8 cases) None of the above people have a history of hepatitis A vaccination. Conclusion The epidemic situation was caused by the close contact of life. The disease mainly occurred in rural primary schools. Health education promotion and hepatitis A vaccine emergency vaccination should be improved in rural environment and the outbreak of hepatitis A should be effectively controlled.