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为了解以农业废弃物为原料的生物质热解液理化特性,以稻壳、稻草、大豆秸秆、玉米芯儿、玉米秸秆为原料,分别制备了生物油,从中分离精制得到生物质热解液(简称热解液),对其进行理化性质和化学组分的分析.结果表明:5种热解液的可溶性固形物含量为6.73％～ 11.97％;pH为2～3,且由高到低依次为稻草＞玉米芯儿＞大豆秸秆＞稻壳＞玉米秸秆;总酸含量为6.97％～18.38％;比重约为1.0 g/cm3;焦油含量稻草热解液最高,为17.ooμg/L,大豆秸秆热解液最低,为2.60 μg/L;挥发性酚类含量为0.157～0.903 mg/L,且5种热解液间差异显著(P＜0.05).热解液共检测出64种有机化合物,且都含有有机酸类、酮类、酚类和醇类等组分,分别检测出14,29,14,7种,其中,有机酸类相对含量最高,其次是酮类、酚类和醇类(稻草热解液除外).在热解液中共检测到16种矿物质元素,其中,玉米芯儿和稻壳热解液含Ca量高,大豆秸秆的最少;稻壳热解液Na和Zn含量最高,稻草和大豆秸秆的较少,此外,含有少量Mg、Fe等植物生长所需的微量元素.因此,认为不同原料制备的生物质热解液理化特性有很大差异.“,”The study was conducted to understand the differences of physical and chemical properties between five bio-liquid and provide theoretical basis for the application of bio-liquid in agricultural production.Using rice hull,rice straw,soybean straw,corncob and corn straw as materials,bio-liquid was prepared,and its physicochemical properties and chemical compositions were analyzed.The results showed that content of soluble solids of the five bio-liquid was 6.73％-11.97％.pH value was 2-3,the order of which was rice straw＞corn cob＞soybean straw＞rice hulls＞corn straw,and content of total acids was 6.97％-18.38％.Specific gravity was about 1.0 g/am3.Tar content of rice straw bio-liquid was the highest (about 17.00 μg/L),and tar content of soybean straw bio-liquid was the lowest (about 2.60 μg/L).Content of volatile phenol was 0.157-0.903 mg/L,and the differences among the five bio-liquid were significant (P＜ 0.05).Sixty-four kinds of compounds were detected in the five bio-liquid,among which 14 acids,29 ketones,14 phenols and 7 alcohols were detected,respectively.Content of organic acids was the highest,then were content of ketones,content of phenols and content of alcohols (except bio-liquid of rice straw).Sixteen kinds of mineral elements were detected in bio-liquid.Ca of corncob and rice hull bio-liquid was the highest while that of soybean bio-liquid was the least.Na and Zn in rice hull bio-liquid were the highest,Na and Zn in rice straw and soybean straw were less,and other plant growth required trace elements.Therefore,the physical and chemical properties of the five bio-liquid are greatly different.