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回顾历史,干扰素是从长野和小岛(1954)把牛痘病毒接种到兔子皮肤上时产生的抑制病毒繁殖的物质,命名为“病毒抑制因子”开始的。Isaacs和Lin-denman(1957)把引起病毒干扰现象interference的物质,命名为“干扰素”,这就是现在一般使用的名称。干扰素(以下简称IFN)是机体受病毒感染后释放入血的,但投与聚肌胞(PolyI:C)、合成高分子物质、各种细菌、原生动物、内毒素、淋巴细胞致有丝裂因子等,也都能诱生。已经知道,IFN的特征有,种的依赖性和用微量就有非常高的活性。并且,它并不是直接使病毒失活,而是作用于病毒繁殖处的细胞,间接地抑制病毒的繁殖。据报道,除此之外,它还有多种生物学作用,而且对病毒以外的感染也有疗
In retrospect, interferon started from the virus-inhibiting factor, a substance that inhibited the reproduction of viruses produced when Nagano and Kojima (1954) inoculated vaccinia virus to rabbit skin. Isaacs and Lin-denman (1957) named the substance causing the interference of the virus as “interferon”, which is the name currently used generally. Interferon (hereinafter abbreviated as IFN) is released into the bloodstream after infection by a virus, but it is administered to PolyI:C, synthetic macromolecules, various bacteria, protozoa, endotoxins, and lymphocytes. Factors, etc., can also be induced. It is known that IFN is characterized by species dependence and very high activity with trace amounts. Moreover, it does not inactivate the virus directly, but acts on the cells where the virus reproduces, indirectly suppressing the reproduction of the virus. According to reports, in addition to it, it has a variety of biological effects, and there are also treatments for infections other than viruses.