急性髓系白血病(AML)是一类髓系造血干祖细胞来源的恶性克隆性血液系统疾病。60岁是国际上认可的年轻和老年AML的年龄分界。老年AML每年发病率3.6/10万,美国近年报道65岁以上人群的发病率达17.6/10万,诊断时中位年龄为69岁。临床以感染、出血、贫血和髓外组织器官浸润为主要表现,病情进展迅速,自然病程仅有数周至数月。综合文献报道老年AML患者接受诱导缓解化疗CR率45%~60%,中位生存时间5-10个月,姑息治疗生存时间1-3个月不等。 Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant clonal hematopoietic disease of myeloid hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The age of 60 is the age-bound internationally recognized age-old AML. The annual incidence of AML in the elderly is 3.6 / 100000. In the United States in recent years, the incidence rate of people over 65 years old has reached 17.6 / 100000. The median age at diagnosis is 69 years. Clinical infection, bleeding, anemia and extramedullary tissue and organ infiltration as the main performance, the rapid progress of the disease, the natural course of only a few weeks to several months. Comprehensive literature reported that elderly patients with AML induction of remission chemotherapy CR rate of 45% to 60%, the median survival time of 5-10 months, palliative treatment of survival time ranging from 1-3 months.