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目的 了解马鞍山市中小学伤害发生的现状,探讨伤害的危险因素,以便进一步进行伤害干预。方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取马鞍山市 6所小学、4所中学的所有在校学生作为调查对象,采用自编问卷进行调查。结果 2001年 5月至 2002年 4月,在校学生发生意外伤害 2 367人(男生 1 323人,女生1 044人),伤害发生率为 21. 58%;男女意外伤害发生率分别为 28. 39%、14. 26%;发生 2种以上伤害者 779人,发生伤害 3 591人次,伤害人平均发生伤害 1. 52次。各类伤害中以交通伤发生率最高,其次依次为跌伤、锐器切割伤和烧烫伤。结论 马鞍山市中小学生伤害发生率与其它地市相比较低。加强对中小学生安全教育,提高父母对儿童伤害的认识水平,努力消除不安全隐患,是今后采取干预措施的关键环节。
Objective To understand the current status of injury in primary and secondary schools in Ma’anshan and discuss the risk factors for injury so as to further carry out injury intervention. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to collect all the students in six elementary schools and four middle schools in Maanshan City as the subjects of the survey. Results From May 2001 to April 2002, 2,367 students (1,323 boys and 1,044 girls) suffered accidental injuries, and the incidence of injury was 21.58%; the incidence of accidental injuries for men and women was 28. 39%, 14.26%; 779 people suffered more than two injuries, 3 293 injuries occurred, and 1. 52 injuries occurred on average. The highest incidence of traffic injuries was in all types of injuries, followed by falls, sharp-edged injuries and burns. Conclusion The incidence of injury among primary and middle school students in Maanshan City is lower than that in other cities. Strengthening security education for primary and middle school students, raising parents’ awareness of child injury, and working hard to eliminate unsafe hidden dangers are key links for future interventions.