面对世界石油储量越来越少的现状,许多国家都在积极探索汽车的代用燃料,如乳化燃料、液化石油气、合成油、煤浆油等,但在诸多代用燃料中,无论是汽油机还是柴油机,皆以甲醇最为理想。1.主要特性①辛烷值高。甲醉的辛烷值为110,分子式是CH_3OH,如按氧的质量与汽油相比则为5:1。这表明甲醇燃烧时,除外部空气中的氧,还可利用自己分子中的氧,因此,如果将它用于汽油机上代替汽油,可以提高压缩比,如在甲醇中掺入一些汽油,则能提高混合燃料的挥发性,有助于发动机的冷起动。②十六烷值低。甲醇的十六烷值很低,如果用它代替柴油,由于着火性能很差,所以不能直接使用。③燃烧完全。甲醇燃烧很彻底,做为汽车燃料可减少HC排放20～50%,设计先进的发动机可减少90%,同时由于甲醇燃烧温度低和能在多氧环境中燃 Faced with the world’s oil reserves are getting less and less status, many countries are actively exploring alternative fuels for vehicles, such as emulsion fuel, liquefied petroleum gas, synthetic oil, coal slurry oil, but in many alternative fuels, either gasoline or Diesel, all the best methanol. 1. The main features ① high octane number. A drunk octane 110, the molecular formula is CH_3OH, such as the quality of oxygen compared with gasoline compared to 5: 1. This shows that in addition to the oxygen in the outside air, the methanol can also utilize the oxygen in its own molecule. Therefore, if it is used in the gasoline engine to replace gasoline, the compression ratio can be increased. For example, if gasoline is blended in methanol, Improve the volatility of the mixed fuel, contribute to the cold start of the engine. ② cetane low value. Methanol cetane value is very low, if it is used instead of diesel, because of poor fire performance, it can not be used directly. ③ complete combustion. Methanol combustion is very thorough, as a car fuel can reduce HC emissions by 20 to 50%, advanced engine design can reduce 90%, at the same time due to low methanol combustion temperature and can be burned in a multi-oxygen environment