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在铝电解生产金属铝过程中会产生部分的铝铁合金固体废弃物,该铝铁合金尚未得到很好的利用。本文对以煅后白云石为原料,以铝电解过程中产生的铝铁合金为还原剂的真空热还原炼镁过程进行了研究。通过对铝铁合金和还原渣的物相和成分分析,对铝铁合金还原炼镁的机理进行了分析,并同以纯铝粉为还原剂的铝热还原法和以硅铁为还原剂的皮江法炼镁的氧化镁还原率进行了对比。实验结果表明:以铝铁合金为还原剂真空热还原炼镁技术是可行的,在还原温度1200℃,还原时间2 h,还原剂添加量为1.0和无氟盐添加剂的条件下,氧化镁的还原率可达90%以上。在还原剂条件相同的情况下,以铝铁合金为还原剂可获得比铝粉和硅铁还原剂更高的氧化镁还原率。应用铝铁合金为还原剂真空热还原炼镁不仅有利于降低镁的生产成本,而且可实现铝电解部分废弃物的回收利用。
In the aluminum electrolytic aluminum metal production process will produce part of the solid waste of aluminum-iron alloy, the aluminum-iron alloy has not been well utilized. In this paper, calcined dolomite as raw material, the aluminum electrolysis process produced by the aluminum-iron alloy as a reducing agent vacuum thermal reduction magnesium process. Through the analysis of the phase and composition of Al-Fe alloy and reduction slag, the mechanism of Al-Fe alloy reduction by Mg reduction was analyzed. In addition, with the aluminum thermal reduction method using pure aluminum powder as reducing agent and Pidgeon method using ferrosilicon as reducing agent, Magnesia magnesia reduction rates were compared. The experimental results show that it is feasible to reduce magnesium by vacuum thermal reduction with aluminum-iron alloy as reductant. Under the conditions of reduction temperature of 1200 ℃, reduction time of 2 h, addition of reductant of 1.0 and non-fluoride salt additive, the reduction of magnesium oxide Rate up to 90%. In the case of the same reducing agent, the reduction rate of magnesium oxide is higher than that of aluminum powder and ferrosilicon reducing agent by using aluminum-iron alloy as reducing agent. The application of aluminum-iron alloy as reductant for vacuum thermal reduction of magnesium can not only reduce the production cost of magnesium, but also realize the recycling of some of the aluminum electrolysis waste.