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对在金龟子绿僵菌颗粒剂中关键的3个因子(载体、促活剂和加水量)进行了研究。结果表明,10种载体对金龟子绿僵菌孢子萌发都没有显著地影响,其中钙质膨润土、高岭土、滑石粉、活性白土和轻质碳酸钙可以提高孢子的贮存活性。两种促活剂海藻糖和酪氨酸都能显著促进孢子的萌发,促进率分别为15.12%-24.88%和15.06%-29.67%,浓度间差异并不明显。加水量对载体成粒性和造粒产热的影响非常明显,通过调节加水量可以大幅提高载体成粒率和降低造粒温度。通过回归分析和计算得到了各载体成粒率大于90%的适宜加水量和其对应的造粒温度。钙质膨润土的适宜加水量和对应造粒温度分别为19.1%-25.0%和50.2-54.5℃,高岭土分别为35.0%-40.0%和55.1-56.2℃,滑石粉分别为27.2%-40.0%和50.4-51.1℃,活性白土分别为18.3%-25.0%和51.3-53.6℃,轻质碳酸钙分别为40.8%-45.0%和49.7-56.1℃。优化后的颗粒剂可以有效延长孢子的贮存期。
Three key factors (carrier, activator and water addition) in Metarhizium anisopliae granules were studied. The results showed that 10 kinds of carriers had no significant effect on the spore germination of Metarhizium anisopliae. Calcium bentonite, kaolin, talc, activated clay and calcium carbonate increased the spore storage activity. The two activators trehalose and tyrosine can significantly promote the spore germination, the promotion rates were 15.12% -24.88% and 15.06% -29.67%, the difference was not obvious. The amount of water on the carrier granulation and granulation heat production is very obvious, by adjusting the amount of water can significantly increase the carrier granulation rate and reduce the granulation temperature. Through the regression analysis and calculation, the suitable water adding amount and the corresponding pelleting temperature of each carrier granulation rate greater than 90% were obtained. The appropriate amount of water and the corresponding granulation temperature of calcareous bentonite were 19.1% -25.0% and 50.2-54.5 ℃ respectively, the contents of kaolin were 35.0% -40.0% and 55.1-56.2 ℃ respectively, the contents of talc were 27.2% -40.0% and 50.4 -51.1 ° C, activated clay 18.3% -25.0% and 51.3-53.6 ° C respectively, light calcium carbonate 40.8% -45.0% and 49.7-56.1 ° C, respectively. The optimized granules can effectively prolong the storage period of the spores.