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目的检测接触玛瑙尘作业工人生产环境与矽肺病发病状况。方法测定广州某珠宝加工厂 ３３名玛瑙尘接触工人作业环境玛瑙尘的总尘浓度、分散度和游离ＳｉＯ２含量；对接尘工人拍摄高千伏Ｘ线后前位胸片、测定肺功能以及其它医学检查；结果切粒、磨角和窝珠工种平均总尘浓度分别为９．９、３．５和３．０ｍｇ／ｍ３，超过国家最大容许浓度８．９、２．５、２．０倍，分散度＜５μｍ占８６％，游离ＳｉＯ２含量为９０．５％；接尘工人平均年龄（２９．８×４．９）岁，平均工龄（３．５±１．７）年，诊断为急进型矽肺１５例（４７％），其中Ⅰ期１１例、Ⅱ期４例，其肺功能明显降低；至２０００年２月，原诊断为Ⅰ期３例、Ⅱ期３例已晋期为Ⅲ期，３例患者（２０％）死于呼吸衰竭，６例病情危急；该厂在调查后不久关闭。结论玛瑙尘易发生急进型矽肺，病情凶险，提示在发展中国家，对小型珠宝加工厂加强职业卫生管理刻不容缓。
Objective To detect the production environment and the incidence of silicosis in workers exposed to agate dust. Methods The total dust concentration, dispersity and free SiO2 content of agate dust in 33 agate dust exposure workers working environment in a jewelery factory in Guangzhou were measured. The frontier chest radiographs of high kV X-ray were taken by the workers to measure the lung function and other medicine Inspection; Results The average total dust concentration of the pelletizing, grinding angle and litter types was 9.9, 3.5 and 3.0 mg / m3 respectively, exceeding the maximum allowable national concentration of 8.9, 2.5 and 2.0 times, Dispersion <5μm accounted for 86%, free SiO2 content was 90.5%; dust-exposed workers average age (29.8 × 4.9) years, the average length of service (3.5 ± 1.7) years, the diagnosis of radical Silicosis in 15 cases (47%), of which 11 cases of stage Ⅰ, 4 cases of stage Ⅱ, pulmonary function was significantly reduced; to February 2000, the original diagnosis of stage Ⅰ in 3 cases, Ⅱ stage 3 cases have Jin stage Ⅲ, Three patients (20%) died of respiratory failure and six were critically ill; the plant was closed shortly after the investigation. Conclusion agate dust prone to acute silicosis, dangerous, suggesting that in developing countries, small jewelry processing plant to strengthen occupational health management without delay.