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目的：了解不同人群丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）感染的危险因素。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附分析和多聚酶链反应技术对２７８例不同人群进行ＨＣＶ标志物检测。结果：某些特殊人群感染ＨＣＶ的风险依次为：多次接受人体丙种球蛋白者、血液透析者、输血者、无上述因素的患者、个体供血者和无偿献血者，其ＨＣＶ标志物的检出率分别为１／１、３７．０％、２８．９％、１８．４％、１３．３％和０；血液透析者高于普通输血者和无明显感染因素患者；个体供血者显著高于无偿献血者（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：加强血源管理，提倡无偿献血，提高了血液质量，ＨＣＶ经由输血传播途径将逐渐得到控制，其它医源性传播途径将更显突出，应引起足够重视。
Objectives: To understand the risk factors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in different populations. Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction were used to detect HCV markers in 278 different populations. Results: The risk of HCV infection in some special populations were as follows: those who received human gamma globulin several times, hemodialysis patients, blood transfusion, patients without these factors, individual blood donors and non-compensated donors, the detection of HCV markers Rates were 1 / 1,37.0%, 28.9%, 18.4%, 13.3% and 0, respectively. Hemodialysis patients were higher than those of ordinary blood transfusion recipients and no obvious infection factors. Blood donors were significantly higher Gratuitous blood donors (P <0.05). Conclusion: To strengthen blood management, promote voluntary blood donation and improve blood quality, HCV will gradually be controlled via blood transfusion and other iatrogenic routes of transmission will be more prominent, which should be given enough attention.