本文联系东亚、欧州和北美气候变迁及其影响 ,论述中国各历史时期气候变迁和历史的关系。指出以农为本的中国 ,尤其是北方 ,在气候变化面前显得格外脆弱。气候变化影响农业 ,从而影响社会各方面。从新石器时代至清朝 ,中国气候温暖期与寒冷期周期性变化的过程 ,是游牧文明与农耕文明两种生态环境较量与整合的过程。在温暖期 ,中国经济繁荣 ,民族统一 ,国家昌盛 ;寒冷期 ,气候剧变引起经济衰退 ,游牧民族南侵 ,农民起义 ,国家分裂 ,经济文化中心南移等。最后 ,作者指出 ,在历史时期 ,气候是中国北方政治命运的决定性因素之一 ,并强调将世界气候作为一个整体研究历史事件的重要性 This article links climate change and its impact in East Asia, Europe and North America and discusses the relationship between climate change and history in different historical periods in China. Pointing out that the agricultural-oriented China, especially the north, is particularly vulnerable to climate change. Climate change affects agriculture and affects all aspects of society. From the Neolithic Age to the Qing Dynasty, the process of cyclical changes in the warm and cold periods of China’s climate is the process of contesting and integrating the two ecological environments of nomadic civilization and agricultural civilization. During the warmer months, China enjoyed economic prosperity, national unification and a prosperous nation. During the cold period, the dramatic climate change caused the economic recession, the nomadic southward incursion of peasants, the peasant uprising, the national split, and the southward shift of economic and cultural centers. Finally, the author points out that in history, climate was one of the decisive factors in the political destiny of northern China and emphasized the importance of studying the history of the world as a whole