自从一八八二年德国细菌学家 Koch 首次以琼胶作结核菌培养成功以来,已有90多年的历史。琼胶比其他动植物胶具有难于被许多种放线菌、细菌或酶作用分解的优越性。几十年来,琼脂已广泛应用于细菌培养工作中,成为细菌培养基的主要原材料之一。琼脂培养基所含的蛋白胨、牛肉膏等基础成分,都是蛋白质或者蛋白质的水解产物所组成的大分子胶体溶液,在加热和遇酸、碱及重金属盐等理化因素的作用下,常常出现许多 It has been more than 90 years since K bacnus Koch, a German bacteriologist, succeeded in culturing M. tuberculosis for the first time in 1882. Agar than other plant and animal glue has been difficult to be many kinds of actinomycetes, bacteria or enzyme decomposition of the advantages. For decades, agar has been widely used in bacterial culture and has become one of the major raw materials for bacterial culture. The peptone, beef extract and other basic components contained in the agar medium are all macromolecular colloid solutions composed of protein or protein hydrolysates. Under the action of heating and the physical and chemical factors such as acid, alkali and heavy metal salts, many are often present