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2001年全国统一考试(湖北等13省卷)理科综合能力测试的第一道题: 人体发生花粉过敏反应时,由于毛细血管壁的通透性增加,血浆蛋白渗出,会造成 A.血浆量增加 B.组织液减少 C.组织液增加 D.淋巴减少这道题的题干提供的信息涉及到过敏反应及它所产生的生理学效应,这些知识来源于中学《生物》教材的“免疫”这一章有关免疫的功能。从供选答案来看,本题所考查的内容应该是有关内环境及其组织成分:血浆、组织液和淋巴之间的相互关系。要能准确无误地选出正确答案(对于综合科的考试,提高学生答题的准确性显得格外重要),有必要弄清以下基础知识:毛细血管、毛细淋巴管的通透性及几个基本概念:半透膜、扩散和渗透作用。
The first question of the 2001 National Unified Test (the 13 provinces of Hubei Province) in the science comprehensive ability test: When human body pollen allergic reaction occurs, the plasma protein exudes due to increased permeability of the capillary wall, resulting in A. plasma volume Increased B. Tissue fluid reduction C. Tissue fluid increased D. Lymphopenia This question headline provides information concerning allergic reactions and the physiological effects it produces. This knowledge is derived from the chapter “Immunization” in the secondary school “Biology” textbook. The function of immunity. Judging from the available answers, the content examined in this question should be related to the internal environment and its organizational components: the relationship between plasma, tissue fluid and lymph. To be able to accurately select the correct answer (for comprehensive examinations to improve the accuracy of student answers is particularly important), it is necessary to understand the following basic knowledge: capillary, capillary lymphatic permeability and several basic concepts : Semipermeable membrane, diffusion and penetration.