石油是当前世界上重要的能源,又是化学工业的主要原料。随着科学技术的发展,石油的应用己逐渐渗透到社会的各个方面。因此对石油的需求量与日俱增,寻找更多更大的油田具有十分重要的意义。过去人们对石油在地下聚集储藏的方式认识不足,以为地下有许多石油湖、石油河或石油溪。经过石油地质工作者长期的野外考察,及油气田的勘探和开发,逐渐认识到:油气主要生成于富含有机质的碎屑岩中,而大部分聚集在孔隙度比较好的岩石中。形成油气田必须具备生、储、盖圈闭条件。生油层是油气田的主 Oil is an important energy source in the world and the main raw material of the chemical industry. With the development of science and technology, the application of oil has gradually infiltrated all aspects of society. Therefore, the demand for petroleum is increasing day by day, finding more and larger oilfields is of great significance. In the past, people did not know enough about the ways in which oil accumulated underground. They thought there were many petroleum lakes, petroleum rivers or petroleum streams underground. After long-term field investigation by petroleum geologists and exploration and development of oil and gas fields, it is gradually realized that hydrocarbons are mainly generated in organic-rich clastic rocks and most of them are concentrated in rocks with relatively good porosity. The formation of oil and gas fields must have students, storage, cover trap conditions. The oil reservoir is the main oil and gas fields