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目的分析江苏省海安县居民死亡现状及原因,为卫生政策的制定和卫生资源配置提供依据。方法利用死亡率、标化死亡率、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、潜在减寿率(PYLL率)、平均减寿年数(AYLL)等指标对海安县2009—2013年居民死亡资料进行分析。结果 2009—2013年海安县居民死亡率为841.09/10万,标化死亡率为479.18/10万。死因前5位为恶性肿瘤、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病、脑血管病、损伤和中毒,占全死因的84.56%。0~14岁少年儿童组死因首位为损伤和中毒,15~44岁青壮年组、45~64岁中年组、65老年组死因首位为恶性肿瘤。居于PYLL首位的为恶性肿瘤(60 905人年),是造成海安县居民寿命损失的主要疾病。结论恶性肿瘤、心脑血管疾病等慢性病与损伤和中毒是引起海安县居民死亡的主要原因,同时造成居民早死的损伤和中毒也不可忽视。
Objective To analyze the current situation and causes of death among residents in Hai’an County, Jiangsu Province, and to provide the basis for the formulation of health policies and the allocation of health resources. Methods The mortality data of residents in Hai’an County from 2009 to 2013 were analyzed with the indexes of mortality, standardized mortality, PYLL, PYLL and AYLL. Results The mortality rate of residents in Hai’an from 2009 to 2013 was 841.09 / 100000, and the standardized death rate was 479.18 / 100000. The top 5 causes of death were malignant tumors, heart diseases, respiratory diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, injuries and poisonings, accounting for 84.56% of all causes of death. The first cause of death among children aged from 0 to 14 was injury and poisoning. The cause of death among young adults aged 15-44, middle-aged 45-64, and aged 65 was malignant. Malignant tumors (60,905 person-years) living in the top of PYLL are the major diseases that cause the loss of life in Haian County residents. Conclusions Chronic diseases such as malignant tumor, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, injuries and poisoning are the main causes of death in Hai’an County. At the same time, the damage and poisoning of residents caused by premature death should not be neglected.