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目的利用磁共振成像(MRI)对儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的上气道结构进行测量分析,探讨儿童OSAHS上气道的结构特点。方法选择原发性鼾症组(PS组)30例和OSAHS组30例,同时随机选择30例正常儿童作为对照组,应用MRI对上气道进行空间测量和软组织测量,结果进行统计学分析。结果①空间测量:3组儿童之间相比,鼻咽气道截面积、口咽气道截面积、腭咽气道截面积、气道斜径,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);②软组织测量:舌体截面积3组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);OSAHS组比PS组及对照组腺样体截面积大、腺样体斜距长,比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);OSAHS组、PS组比对照组扁桃体截面积大,比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用MRI可以判定OSAHS儿童上气道的狭窄情况,可作为诊断儿童OSAHS的重要辅助手段。
Objective To investigate the structural characteristics of the upper airway of children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods 30 cases of primary snoring group (PS group) and 30 cases of OSAHS group were selected. At the same time, 30 normal children were randomly selected as the control group. The upper airway was measured by space and soft tissue, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results (1) Spatial measurement: There were significant differences in nasopharyngeal airway cross-sectional area, oropharyngeal airway cross-sectional area, velopharyngeal airway cross-sectional area and airway diameter between the three groups (P <0.05) Measurement: There was no significant difference in tongue cross-sectional area between the three groups (P> 0.05). The OSAHS group had a larger cross-sectional area and a longer slope length than the PS group and the control group (P <0.05). The cross-sectional area of amygdala in OSAHS group and PS group was larger than that in control group, with statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion MRI can determine the stenosis of the upper airway in children with OSAHS and can be used as an important adjunct to diagnose OSAHS in children.