Full-period signal acquisition of vibration signal plays a vital role in the health monitoring and fault diagnosis of mod industrial equipment group.The traditional full-period signal acquisition methods usually need not only a reference signal generated from special key phase device but also a reserved position, which is only suitable for a small number of particular equipment.A novel full-period signal acquisition method without key phase is proposed to construct the time-frequency meth-od with strong energy concentration called the synchrosqueezing generalized S-Transform ( SGST) , combining together the Teager energy operator ( TEO ) and self-adaptive correlation analysis ( SACA) based on the vibration signals of both gear and cylinder head.Actual vibration signals of diesel engine are employed to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method by com-paring with traditional method with special key phase device.By comparisons, the results show that full-period signal acquisition method without key phase has approximate accuracy for diesel engine under different working conditions.