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2010年8月13日凌晨,5·12汶川地震极重灾区绵竹市清平乡发生群发泥石流灾害,27条沟谷发生泥石流,占泥石流沟总数的69.4%,其中以文家沟泥石流最为严重。在调查基础上,分析了8·13特大群发泥石流的成因、特征和发展趋势,并提出了灾后规划重建中的地质安全问题。从成因上看,8·13特大群发泥石流是5·12汶川地震和强降雨共同作用的结果;从特征上来看,泥石流呈现出暴发空间的群发性、启动过程的复杂性、发生过程的持续性,成灾过程的链式性、危害形式的多样性、泥石流规模的放大性和泥石流隐患的隐蔽性等7个方面的特征;清平乡各沟8·13泥石流冲出方量约占物源总量的10%～50%,泥石流存在进一步频发、群发的态势,建议在灾后规划重建的过程中,应全面科学评估清平乡泥石流灾害的链式效应和地质环境容量问题,将地质灾害的防治同规划重建密切结合。
In the early morning of August 13, 2010, massive debris flow disaster occurred in Qingping Township, Mianzhu City, where the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake was severely hit. Debris flow occurred in 27 valleys, accounting for 69.4% of the total number of debris flow ditches. Among them, debris flow was the most serious in Wenjiagou. Based on the survey, the causes, characteristics and development trends of 8.13 large-scale debris flow were analyzed, and the geological safety issues in post-disaster planning and reconstruction were put forward. From a genetic point of view, 8.13 large-scale debris flow is the result of the combination of the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake and heavy rainfall. From a characteristic point of view, the debris flow shows the mass of outbreak space, the complexity of the starting process and the continuity of the occurrence process , The chaotic process of the disaster process, the diversity of hazardous forms, magnification of debris flow scale and the concealment of debris flow risks; It is suggested that in the process of post-disaster planning and reconstruction, the chain effect of geological disasters and the geological environment capacity should be comprehensively and scientifically evaluated, and the prevention and control of geological disasters Closely integrated with planning and reconstruction.