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目的应用血管内超声(IVUS)为研究手段,对维吾尔族与汉族病人急性冠脉综合征患者(ACS)(包括急性心肌梗死、不稳定型心绞痛)和稳定型心绞痛(SPA)病人冠状动脉斑块特征,进行对比研究。方法 ACS组患者36例和SPA组患者65例,行冠状动脉造影及IVUS检查。对29例汉族患者及72例维吾尔族患者进行冠状动脉造影术、冠脉内超声检查进行冠心病的诊断及是否介入干预。结果本组101例患者均行冠状动脉造影检测和血管内超声。血管内超声检测最窄处斑块情况,其中软斑块、硬斑块、混合斑块共有72处,维族病人52例,汉族病人20例。冠状动脉造影检测发现向心性狭窄、偏心性狭窄、钙化影共62例,30例未达手术标准,而42例血管超声检测需要手术干预治疗,均给予介入干预治疗。结论 (1)维吾尔族患者及汉族患者血管狭窄,与种族差异无明显相关性;(2)维吾尔族患者及汉族患者对冠状动脉造影检查临界病变,如患者有胸痛、胸闷等心肌缺血症状,IVUS检查是冠心病临界病变能否行介入治疗的重要依据。(3)维吾尔族患者及汉族患者行IVUS检查对不稳定性斑块的检出率均具有特异性及敏感性。(4)维吾尔族患者及汉族患者IVUS检查使临界病变介入干预获得较高的成功率和较好的临床效果。
Objective To investigate the effect of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) on coronary plaque in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (including acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris) and stable angina pectoris (UAP) Characteristics, comparative study. Methods 36 cases of ACS group and 65 cases of SPA group underwent coronary angiography and IVUS examination. 29 cases of Han patients and 72 cases of Uighur patients underwent coronary angiography, coronary ultrasound examination of coronary heart disease diagnosis and intervention intervention. Results The group of 101 patients underwent coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound. Intravascular ultrasound detection of the narrowest plaque, soft plaque, hard plaque, mixed plaques a total of 72, 52 Uygur patients, 20 Han patients. Coronary angiography showed concentric stenosis, eccentric stenosis, calcification shadow of a total of 62 cases, 30 cases did not reach the surgical criteria, and 42 cases of vascular ultrasound testing requires surgical intervention, were given intervention intervention. Conclusions (1) There is no significant correlation between vascular stenosis and ethnic differences in Uygur patients and Han patients; (2) Uyghur patients and Han patients have critical coronary angiography findings, such as chest pain, chest distress and other myocardial ischemia symptoms, IVUS examination is an important basis for the interventional treatment of coronary heart disease can be critical. (3) The detection rate of unstable plaques in Uygur patients and Han patients is both specific and sensitive. (4) The Uygur patients and Han patients with IVUS examination so that interventional treatment of critical lesions to obtain a higher success rate and better clinical results.