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少突胶质细胞(OLs)有望用于治疗多发性硬化和先天性脑瘫等脱髓鞘疾病.近年来,一些研究者利用人的胚胎干细胞和神经干细胞作为起始细胞来获得少突胶质细胞前体细胞(OPCs).然而,神经干细胞的应用受到其来源的限制;现有的将胚胎干细胞分化为OPCs的方法耗时较长.因此,本研究探讨了一种通过在人诱导多能干细胞中过表达两个转录因子(Sox10和Olig2),从而有效获得OPCs的方法.通过这种方法,可以在14天内获得PDGFRα阳性的OPCs,并在56天内获得O4阳性的OPCs.获得的OPCs在和大鼠(Rattusnorvegicus)皮质神经元共培养时能分化为成熟的少突胶质细胞并包裹轴突形成髓鞘.该研究结果在自体细胞移植领域中具有一定的应用潜力.
Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are expected to be used to treat demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis and congenital cerebral palsy.In recent years, some researchers have used human embryonic stem cells and neural stem cells as starting cells to obtain oligodendrocytes However, the use of neural stem cells is limited by their origin; the current method of differentiating embryonic stem cells into OPCs takes a long time, and therefore, this study explored a method of differentiating embryonic stem cells (Sox10 and Olig2) overexpressing two transcription factors (Sox10 and Olig2), thereby obtaining OPCs efficiently.In this way, PDGFRα-positive OPCs can be obtained within 14 days and O4-positive OPCs can be obtained within 56 days. The cortical neurons of rat (Rattus norvegicus) can differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes and wrap the axons to form myelin when cocultured with the rat cortical neurons. The results of this study have potential application in the field of autologous cell transplantation.