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发掘和利用香稻基因资源是开展优质香稻品质改良的首要条件。本研究利用水稻香味功能基因分子标记，结合传统的味觉和嗅觉鉴定法，分析了不同来源不同类型的323份水稻种质的香味性状。研究结果表明：利用分子标记技术和谷粒咀嚼品尝是快速、准确鉴定水稻香味性状的优选策略；香味基因b adh2位点频率在印度尼西亚和泰国的籼稻中达到68.2%以上，在美国、俄罗斯和意大利的粳稻中较低，在云南、缅甸、老挝和尼泊尔的普通野生稻中没发现；在发现的具香味性状的86份种质中，极大部分种质的香味性状受b adh2等位基因控制，但有6份的香味性状可能不受b adh2等位基因控制。这些香稻基因资源将是下一步开展稻米香味遗传分析以及香米品种改良的重要基础。“,”Exploring and utilizing the fragrant gene resources are the primary condition in the improved program for high quality fragrant rice. In this study, the fragrant trait of 323 rice germplasm resources derived from different countries were screened by using the molecular marker of rice scent functional gene badh2 and the traditional identi-fication methods of gestation and smell. The results showed that combining the two methods of molecular marker technology and taste of grain chewing was rapid and accurate strategy to identify rice aroma character;Occurrence frequency of the fragrant gene badh2 locus in indica original from Indonesia and Thailand was more than 68.2%;Whereas it was very lower occurrence frequency happening in japonica that came from three countries (America, Russian and Italian), and it wasn't discovered in wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) from four areas (Yunnan, Myanmar, Laos and Nepal). Most of the fragrant loci in the 86 germplasm resources containing the aroma character were controlled by the b adh2 allele, while 6 rice varieties exhibits the different b adh2 alleles to confer the character, which all are potential genetic resources for analysis of the aroma character and improve of fragrant rice in the next study.