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目的提取桑枝中的挥发油,并对挥发油的化学成分进行分析。方法采用同时蒸馏萃取法及水蒸气蒸馏法提取桑枝中的挥发油,气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法鉴别挥发油的化学成分。结果同时蒸馏法萃取提取的桑枝挥发油中鉴定了19个化合物,占总检出量的94.49%,挥发油中含有烷、酸、醛、酮、酯和醇等物质。水蒸气蒸馏法提取的桑枝挥发油中鉴定出16个化合物,占总检出量的97.12%,挥发油由呋喃、羧酸、酯、醛、醇、酚、酮、烯烃及酰卤等物质组成。同时蒸馏萃取法提取的挥发油的化学成分多于水蒸汽蒸馏法。结论两种提取法的结合,可更加全面地鉴定出桑枝挥发油的化学成分。
Objective To extract the volatile oil from mulberry branches and analyze its chemical composition. Methods The volatile oil in mulberry branches was extracted by simultaneous distillation and steam distillation. The chemical constituents of volatile oil were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results 19 compounds were identified in the volatile oil extracted by distillation at the same time, accounting for 94.49% of the total detected amount. The volatile oil contained alkanes, acids, aldehydes, ketones, esters and alcohols. 16 compounds were identified in the volatile oil of mulberry branches extracted by steam distillation, accounting for 97.12% of the total detected amount. The volatile oil consisted of furans, carboxylic acids, esters, aldehydes, alcohols, phenols, ketones, alkenes and acyl halides. At the same time, the chemical composition of volatile oil extracted by distillation extraction is more than that of steam distillation. Conclusion The combination of two extraction methods can more fully identify the chemical constituents of the volatile oil of mulberry.