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目的通过对甘肃省泾川县7~16岁儿童的调查,掌握大骨节病在该人群中的病情动态,为制定防治对策提供科学依据。方法按照监测方案选择病区的7~12岁儿童进行大骨节病临床和X线检查,对13~16岁儿童进行大骨节病临床检查;同时参照《大骨节病防治手册》、《大骨节病诊断标准》GB 16003-1995,采用描述流行病学现况调查的方法,汇总分析监测结果。结果 2014年6月泾川县监测儿童407人,临床I度及以上检出1例,临床检出率0.25%;X线检查229人,检出3例,阳性检出率1.31%,其中窑店镇练范村X线检出阳性2例,阳性检出率3.23%;太平乡三星村X线检出阳性1例,阳性检出率1.89%,各监测点之间阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.31,P>0.05);大部分乡(镇)的大骨节病病情比较稳定,临床检查和X线检查均达到控制水平,个别乡(镇)大骨节病病情仍然活跃。结论按照大骨节病病区变化特征的分类分为“活跃病区、相对静止病区和静止病区”的标准,泾川县大骨节病区属于相对静止病区;因个别乡村病情有活跃迹象,提示要继续做好疫情监测和预防大骨节病综合措施的落实,并加强健康教育工作。
Objective To investigate the status of Kashin-Beck disease in this population from 7 to 16-year-old children in Jingchuan County, Gansu Province, and provide a scientific basis for the development of control strategies. Methods According to the monitoring plan, 7 ~ 12-year-old children were selected for Kashin-Beck disease clinical examination and X-ray examination. The children with 13-16 years old were examined for Kashin-Beck disease. Meanwhile, according to Kashin- Diagnostic criteria “GB 16003-1995, using a description of epidemiological survey method, a summary analysis of monitoring results. Results A total of 407 children were monitored in Jingchuan County in June 2014. One case was detected at grade I and above, and the clinical detection rate was 0.25%. 229 cases were detected by X-ray and 3 cases were detected. The positive rate was 1.31% Two cases of positive X-ray were found in Lianfan Village, the positive detection rate was 3.23%. One was positive in X-ray of Sanxing Village, Taiping Township. The positive rate was 1.89% The prevalence of Kashin-Beck disease was stable in most townships (both χ2 = 3.31, P> 0.05). Both clinical examination and X-ray examination reached the control level. The prevalence of Kashin-Beck disease in individual townships was still high. Conclusions According to the classification of Kashin-Beck disease characteristics, the classification of Kashin-Beck disease in Jingchuan County belongs to relatively quiescent ward because of the classification of ”active ward, relative quiescent ward and quiescent ward" Active signs, suggesting that we should continue to do a good job in epidemic prevention and prevention of Kashin-Beck disease comprehensive measures to implement and strengthen health education.