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目的:探讨蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶(PTEN)基因启动子过甲基化与喉癌的关系。方法:采用过甲基化特异性PCR和RT-PCR法分析喉癌(喉癌组)及正常喉组织(对照组)PTEN基因启动子过甲基化及其mRNA表达情况。结果:喉癌组有16例(40.0%)PTEN基因启动子过甲基化;对照组未发现过甲基化。对照组PTEN基因mRNA的高、中、低表达率及阴性率分别为77.8%(7/9)、22.2%(2/9)、0和0,淋巴结转移组分别为26.7%(4/15)、33.3%(5/15)、26.7%(4/15)和13.3%(2/15),两组比较,PTEN mRNA表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病理高分化PTEN基因mRNA高、中、低表达率及阴性率分别为60.0%(6/10)、30.0%(3/10)、10.0%(1/10)和0,病理低分化mRNA分别为16.7%(2/12)、25.0%(3/12)、41.7%(5/12)和16.7%(2/12),两者比较,其mRNA表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PTEN基因在喉癌组织中,mRNA呈现低表达的10例中有7例(70.0%)出现启动子过甲基化,mRNA呈现高表达的17例中仅有4例(23.5%)出现启动子过甲基化;PTEN基因mRNA高表达与低表达在启动子过甲基化率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:PTEN基因启动子过甲基化是该基因在喉癌中失活的原因之一,PTEN基因表达下降与喉癌淋巴结转移及病理低分化有关。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between promoter methylation of PTEN gene and laryngeal carcinoma. Methods: The hypermethylation of PTEN gene promoter and its mRNA expression in laryngeal carcinoma (LSCC) and normal laryngeal tissues (control group) were analyzed by hypermethylation-specific PCR and RT-PCR. Results: There were 16 cases (40.0%) PTEN gene promoter hypermethylation in laryngocarcinoma group and no hypermethylation in control group. The high, middle and low expression rates of PTEN mRNA in control group were 77.8% (7/9), 22.2% (2/9), 0 and 0, respectively. The rate of PTEN gene expression was 26.7% (4/15) , 33.3% (5/15), 26.7% (4/15) and 13.3% (2/15) respectively. The difference of PTEN mRNA expression between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). The high, moderate, low and high expression rates of PTEN gene were 60.0% (6/10), 30.0% (3/10), 10.0% (1/10) and 0, respectively 16.7% (2/12), 25.0% (3/12), 41.7% (5/12) and 16.7% (2/12) respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). PTEN gene in laryngeal cancer, mRNA expression was low in 10 cases, 7 cases (70.0%) promoter hypermethylation, mRNA expression was high in 17 cases, only 4 cases (23.5%) appeared promoter Hypermethylation of PTEN gene showed a significant difference in promoter hypermethylation rate between high expression and low expression of PTEN gene (P <0.05). Conclusion: PTEN gene promoter hypermethylation is one of the reasons for the inactivation of this gene in laryngeal carcinoma. The decrease of PTEN gene expression is related to lymph node metastasis and pathological differentiation of laryngeal carcinoma.