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目的观察云南省大理州洱源县高山峡谷地区水改旱防治血吸虫病的效果。方法 2007-2014年在洱源县炼铁乡、乔后镇高山峡谷地区观察水改旱对血吸虫病流行因素的影响,收集观察区内7年来螺情、病情及经济人文信息进行比较分析。结果 2007-2014年,洱源县炼铁乡、乔后镇稻田有螺面积下降了53.72%,其他环境有螺面积下降41.69%。有螺框出现率下降了66.79%,活螺平均密度下降了80.72%,阳性钉螺逐年减少,2009年以后无阳性钉螺出现。居民血吸虫病免疫学调查(IHA)下降幅度为49.49%,病原学调查(尼龙绢袋集卵孵化法)下降幅度为86.49%。家畜血吸虫病感染率下降幅度为75.52%。农民人均粮食增加8.16%,经济收入增加12.18%。结论2007-2014年,洱源县炼铁乡、乔后镇水改旱以后,该类高山峡谷型血吸虫病流行区流行因素明显下降,是实用的防治措施之一。
Objective To observe the effect of water diversion and drought control on schistosomiasis in the mountain valley of Eryuan County in Yunnan Province. Methods 2007-2014 years in Eryuan Ironmaking Township, Qiahouzhen alpine gorge area to observe the impact of water to drought on the epidemic factors of schistosomiasis, collecting the observation area 7 years of snail, illness and economic and cultural information for comparative analysis. Results From 2007 to 2014, the area of snails in Erzhui County, Tiejixiang and Qiahou township of Eryuan County dropped by 53.72% and that of other areas decreased by 41.69%. The occurrence rate of screw frame decreased by 66.79%, the mean density of live spiral decreased by 80.72%, the positive snail decreased year by year, and no positive snail appeared after 2009. The immunological survey of residents with schistosomiasis (IHA) decreased 49.49%, etiological investigation (nylon silk bag egg hatching method) decreased by 86.49%. The infection rate of schistosomiasis in livestock dropped by 75.52%. Per capita food for peasants increased by 8.16% and economic income increased by 12.18%. Conclusions From 2007 to 2014, the epidemic factors of schistosomiasis endemic areas in such alpine canyon type schistosomiasis were obviously reduced after the irrigation in Qiehou Town, Eryuan County, Eryuan County was reduced to drought, which is one of the practical prevention and control measures.