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选择重度妊高征15例为观察组,同时选同期身体健康与观察组同孕周15例为对照组,分娩后立即在胎盘母面多点取材,送电镜检查。取材后,自胎盘脐带根部剪除脐带,称取胎盘重量及胎儿体重进行对照。结果观察组胎盘组织超微结构病理检查非常明显。胎盘绒毛表面仅有一层合体滋养层细胞,表面绒毛丰富排列紊乱,胞质有大量空泡及分泌颗粒,胞核不规则,核膜迂曲,染色质凝集成团块状,核膜向外膨出,绒毛中心基质电子密度降低,毛细血管丰富,内皮细胞线粒体嵴缺失,管腔红细胞增多,管壁增厚,管腔狭窄。胎盘重量明显低于对照组,两组间差异非常明显(P<0.01)。新生儿出生体重与胎盘重量比值(E/P)两组间无明显差异(P>0.05),新生儿出生体重与胎盘重量呈高度相关性(r=0.65)。
Fifteen cases of severe PIH were selected as the observation group. Meanwhile, 15 cases of the same gestational age as the healthy control group were selected as the control group. After drawing, umbilical cord cut off from the root of the umbilical cord, placental weighed and fetus weight control. Results The histopathological examination of placental tissue in the observation group was very obvious. Placental villi surface only a layer of trophoblast cells, the surface of the rich hair disorder arranged in disorder, the cytoplasm has a large number of vacuoles and secreted particles, irregular nucleus, nuclear membrane tortuous, chromatin condensation agglomeration mass, nuclear membrane bulging outward , Villus center of the matrix electron density decreased, capillary rich in endothelial cell mitochondrial ridges missing, increased luminal red blood cells, wall thickening, stenosis. Placental weight was significantly lower than the control group, the difference was significant (P <0.01). Neonatal birth weight and placental weight ratio (E / P) had no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Neonatal birth weight and placental weight were highly correlated (r = 0.65).