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目的分析1985—2014年广州市中小学学生超重肥胖的长期趋势,探讨儿童青少年超重肥胖的发展规律。方法分析1985—2014年广州市中小学学生体质健康调研结果,计算不同群体超重、肥胖的检出率、发展速度及平均增长速度。结果 2014年广州市儿童青少年超重检出率为9.2%,肥胖检出率为5.4%,其中7~18岁各年龄组男生超重检出率范围为8.50%~17.50%,肥胖为5.50%~13.50%;女生各年龄组超重检出率为4.40%~10.00%,肥胖为0.50%~6.00%;与1985年相比,2014年广州市学生超重平均增长率为10.20%,肥胖为18.45%;地区及性别差异明显,总体表现为城男>城女,乡男>乡女,城男>乡男,城女>乡女;10~12岁是广州市儿童超重检出率高发年龄,肥胖检出率高发于8~10岁,而后随着年龄增长呈下降的趋势。结论广州市儿童青少超重肥胖检出率呈持续上升趋势,但平均增长率呈下降趋势,趋于稳定。
Objective To analyze the long-term trend of overweight and obesity in primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou from 1985 to 2014 and to explore the development of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. Methods The results of the survey on the health of students in primary and middle schools in Guangzhou during 1985-2014 were analyzed to find out the detection rate, growth rate and average growth rate of overweight and obesity in different groups. Results In 2014, the detection rate of overweight in children and adolescents in Guangzhou was 9.2% and the detection rate of obesity was 5.4%. Among them, the detection rate of overweight among boys aged 7-18 was 8.50% ~ 17.50% and the obesity was 5.50% ~ 13.50 %. The detection rate of overweight among girls in all age groups was 4.40% ~ 10.00% and the obesity was 0.50% ~ 6.00%. Compared with 1985, the average growth rate of overweight students in Guangzhou was 10.20% and that of obesity was 18.45% And gender differences are obvious, the overall performance of urban boys> urban and rural men> rural women, urban men> rural men, urban women> rural women; 10 to 12 years of age in Guangzhou City, children overweight detection rate of high incidence of detection of obesity High incidence in 8 to 10 years old, and then declined with age trend. Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Guangzhou shows a rising trend, but the average growth rate shows a downward trend and tends to be stable.