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膜法苦咸水淡化过程中,符合环境保护要求的浓排水处理方法成本高昂,所以只有当回收率达到较高值时,在实际运行中才具有经济可行性。目前,在不加剧膜污染的条件下进一步提高苦咸水淡化系统回收率的方法已成为该领域研究热点。本文详细综述了高回收率膜法苦咸水淡化工艺的应用研究进展,包括基于反渗透、纳滤、正渗透、膜蒸馏、电渗析和电容去离子化淡化工艺过程,以及这些过程面临的热点问题,并对此提出了建议。
In the process of brackish water desalination by membrane method, the concentrated drainage treatment method that meets the requirements of environmental protection is expensive. Therefore, it is economically feasible in actual operation only when the recovery rate reaches a high value. At present, the method of further increasing the recovery rate of brackish water desalination system without increasing the membrane fouling has become a hot topic in this field. This review summarizes the applications of the high recovery membrane technology for brackish water desalination, including desalination processes based on reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, forward osmosis, membrane distillation, electrodialysis and capacitive deionization as well as the hot spots in these processes Problems, and made recommendations on this.