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为改变硅生产工艺高污染、高能耗的现状,研究了在CaCl2熔盐中利用固体透氧膜法(SOM)直接电解SiO2制备单质Si,考察了电解电压、电解时间、熔盐温度等参数对电解效果的影响,采用电子扫描显微镜和X射线衍射分析了电解产物形貌及相组成.结果表明:1100℃熔盐中,3.5 V电压下电解2 h,可制得纯Si,电流效率为89%,能耗为15 kW.h/kg;电解中间产物相分析表明,电解过程中有CaSiO3生成,CaSiO3脱氧生成Ca、Si;相比FFC法,SOM法可缩短50%反应时间,因此具有更好的工业化应用前景.
In order to change the status of high pollution and high energy consumption of silicon production process, the authors studied the direct electrolysis of SiO2 in molten salt of CaCl2 to prepare elemental Si using solid oxygen permeation membrane (SOM). The effects of electrolysis voltage, electrolysis time, Electrolytic effect, the morphology and phase composition of the electrolysis products were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.The results show that pure Si can be obtained by electrolysis at 1100 V in molten salt at 3.5 V for 2 h, with a current efficiency of 89 %, And the energy consumption is 15 kW.h / kg. The phase analysis of the electrolytic intermediate shows that CaSiO3 is generated in the electrolysis process and Ca, Si is deoxidized in CaSiO3. Compared with the FFC method, the SOM method can shorten the reaction time by 50% Good industrial application prospects.