英美法上禁止反言原则经过长期的司法实践,演化为多类不同的具体规则。在国际商事仲裁法律关系中,间接的禁止反言主要适用于法院和仲裁庭以当事人所提之诉已经经过适当的审理为由而拒绝行使管辖权的情形;衡平的禁止反言主要适用于将仲裁协议的效力扩张到非仲裁协议签字方的情形;允诺的禁止反言主要适用于禁止明知已经过往的仲裁程序存在瑕疵,经过法定或合理的期限却不提出异议的当事人在日后提出异议的情形。 After long-term judicial practice, the principle of estoppel in Anglo-U.S. Law has evolved into many different specific rules. In the legal relationship of international commercial arbitration, the indirect prohibition of avalanche mainly applies to the court and the arbitral tribunal refusing to exercise jurisdiction on the ground that a suit made by a party has been properly tried; the equitable prohibition of avalanche applies mainly to The validity of the arbitration agreement is extended to the signatories of the non-arbitration agreement; the promissory estoppel is mainly applicable to the prohibition of future parties’ objections in the future knowing that there has been a flaw in the arbitration proceedings that have passed before the statutory or reasonable deadline .