近十年来,匈牙利的马克思主义批评在评价本国的文学、考察本国文学的流派和倾向、分析本国文学的基本准则方面,尽了最大的努力.然而,不可否认,匈牙利的马克思主义批评有其严重的缺点.在作家的眼中,在广大读者的眼中,在那些负责制定国家文化政策的人眼中,马克思主义批评的威望已经降低.这种威望的降低有作家间文人相轻之类的主观原因,但更有其客观原因.主要的客观原因似乎在于,社会现实——以及文学所创造和反映的现实——出现了复杂的现象,而这些新现象尚有待于批评界作出令人信服的分析.社会上和文学中出现了种种变化,对于这些变化的特点和方向,我们感到困惑不解.除此之外,马克思主义批评在匈牙利的影响之所以削 In the past ten years, Hungarian Marxist criticism has made its utmost efforts in evaluating his own literature, examining the genres and tendencies of his own literature and analyzing the basic norms of his own literature. However, it is undeniable that there are serious criticisms of Hungarian Marxism The author’s eyes, the eyes of readers, the prestige of Marxist critique has been reduced in the eyes of those who are responsible for formulating the national cultural policy.The reduction of such prestige has subjective reasons such as the lack of literati among writers, But the more objective reason for it is that the main objective reason seems to lie in the fact that the social reality - and the reality created and reflected by literature - presents a complex phenomenon that needs to be persuasively analyzed by critics. There have been many changes in society and literature, and we are puzzled by the characteristics and direction of these changes. In addition, the influence of Marxist criticism in Hungary is shaved