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1.问题的提出。铁路货运集中化是指铁路货运作业的集中办理。我国铁路货运集中化始于20世纪80年代初的零担货物运输改革。铁道部要求1996年停办日均装卸车数在1车以下的565个车站的货运业务,1997年停办日均装卸在3车以下的1042个车站的货运业务,在2000年封闭日均装卸车数小于5车车站的货运业务。但实际实施结果为1996～1998年累计停办525个车站的货运业务,远远少于计划数,期间,还出现了个别关闭的小站又恢复了货运业务的情况。因此,关于货运集中化,目前铁路运输企业面临的问题是:是否继续全面推进? 2.国外铁路货运集中化的启示
1. The question is raised. Centralization of railway freight transport refers to the centralized handling of freight operations. Centralization of China’s railway freight transport began in the early 1980s LTL reform. The Ministry of Railways demanded that the freight traffic business at 565 stations with a daily loading and unloading number of vehicles less than 1 car be stopped in 1996 and that of 1042 stations with daily average loading and unloading in 3 cars be stopped in 1997 and the number of loading and unloading trucks in the day of closure in 2000 Less than 5 bus station freight business. However, as a result of the actual implementation, a total of 525 freight terminals stopped in 1996-98, far less than the planned number. In the meantime, there were also individual shutdowns and the resumption of freight forwarding operations. Therefore, with regard to the centralized freight forwarding, the current problems faced by the railway transport enterprises are: Whether to continue to push forward in an all-round way? 2. Enlightenment on the Centralization of Foreign Railway Freight Transport