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建筑热环境是评估建筑能耗的重要基础,而围护结构内表面温度和室内空气温度则对建筑能耗有着最直接的影响。本文建立了自然通风条件下围护结构与室内外环境进行热交换的理论模型,测量并计算了初夏某一天围护结构内表面温度和室内空气温度随时间的变化,其计算值与测量值变化规律基本一致。而后计算了夏至日该建筑围护结构内表面温度和室内空气温度,结果表明:夏季室内空气温度随着室外空气温度的变化而变化,且上午室内外空气的温差逐渐拉大,直到14:00左右才开始缩小;夏至日上午围护结构内表面温度变化比较平缓,下午则呈现较明显的上升趋势,直到16:00温度才趋于平缓;除了屋顶外,同一时刻各围护结构内表面之间的温差较小,围护结构内表面温度低于室内空气温度,建筑围护结构对室内空气起到一定的冷却作用。
Building thermal environment is an important basis for assessing building energy consumption, while the interior surface temperature and indoor air temperature have the most direct impact on building energy consumption. In this paper, the theoretical model of the heat exchange between the envelope and the indoor and outdoor environment under natural ventilation is established. The changes of the inner surface temperature and the indoor air temperature with the time of one day in the early summer are measured and calculated. The calculated and measured values change The law is basically the same. The results show that the summer indoor air temperature changes with the outdoor air temperature, and the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor air gradually widens until 14:00 Around the summer solstice, the temperature of the inner surface of the enclosure structure changed gently, and the afternoon showed a more obvious upward trend until it reached a gentle temperature at 16:00. In addition to the roof, the inner surface of each enclosure structure The temperature difference between the smaller, the inner surface of the envelope structure temperature lower than the indoor air temperature, the building envelope structure of the indoor air play a cooling effect.