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采用试验方法,对山西曲沃广泛使用的3种类型温室的温度和湿度进行测试,并对测试结果进行分析。结果表明:3种类型温室的日平均气温均维持在13℃以上,且存在高湿不利因素。1月份,四代温室的日平均温度为14.7℃,分别高于五代温室、二代温室0.5和1.1℃;四代温室每日满足作物生长的平均时长为19.9h,较五代温室和二代温室长0.7和4.0h;四代温室夜间平均气温均值为12.2℃,较五代温室和二代温室分别提高9%和18%;四代温室和五代温室的室内外温差平均值分别为19.8和20.0℃,高于二代温室0.7和0.9℃,3种类型温室保温蓄热性能均有较大的提高空间;3种温室的温度环境及保温性能为:四代温室>五代温室>二代温室。3种温室夜间的相对湿度均达到饱和,白天相对湿度平均值为:五代温室88%、四代温室79%、二代温室79%。综合温湿度情况,四代温室较五代温室更适合于山西曲沃地区推广。针对温室保温蓄热性较差、室内高湿情况,可通过加厚草苫或使用保温性能较好的保温被,改变温室的灌溉方式,加强通风等方法,改善日光温室的湿热环境,使其达到作物生长所需的最佳条件。
The test method was used to test the temperature and humidity of three types of greenhouses widely used in Quwo, Shanxi Province, and the test results were analyzed. The results showed that the average daily temperature of three types of greenhouses maintained at above 13 ℃, and there were unfavorable factors of high humidity. In January, the fourth-generation greenhouses had an average daily temperature of 14.7 ℃, which was higher than the fifth-generation greenhouses and the second-generation greenhouses by 0.5 and 1.1 ℃ respectively. The fourth-generation greenhouses met the average daily crop growth of 19.9 hours, 0.7 and 4.0 hours respectively. The mean nighttime mean temperature of the fourth generation greenhouse was 12.2 ℃, which was 9% and 18% higher than that of the fifth and fifth generation greenhouse respectively. The average indoor temperature difference between the fourth and fifth generation greenhouse was 19.8 and 20.0 ℃ , Higher than the second generation greenhouse 0.7 and 0.9 ℃, three kinds of greenhouse thermal insulation properties have greater room for improvement; three kinds of greenhouse temperature environment and thermal insulation properties: four generations of greenhouse> Five generations of greenhouse> Second generation of greenhouse. The relative humidity of the three kinds of greenhouses reached saturation at night, and the average relative humidity in daytime was 88% in Five Generation Greenhouses, 79% in Four Generation Greenhouses and 79% in Second Generation Greenhouses. Integrated temperature and humidity conditions, Greenhouse four generations of greenhouse is more suitable for promotion of Shanxi Quwo area. Aiming at the poor thermal insulation in the greenhouse and the indoor high humidity, we can improve the hot and humid environment of the greenhouse by changing the greenhouse irrigation and strengthening the ventilation by thickening the grass or using the insulation with good insulation performance. To achieve the best conditions for crop growth.