目的了解目前上海市公共场所禁烟情况,评估《上海市公共场所禁止吸烟暂行规定》实施效果,为进一步的控烟立法提供依据。方法采取随机抽样的方法,对禁烟场所进行随机抽样调查,同时对部分场所空气中可吸入颗粒物(PM)2.5进行检测。结果《上海市公共场所禁止吸烟暂行规定》作用明显,控烟立法有广泛的支持,但同时上海部分禁烟场所存在不履行禁烟职责、制度不健全、未开展控烟宣传教育等问题,部分场所室内空气污染严重。结论加强公共场所禁烟,必须适应国情,完善控烟立法,依法构建控烟统一战线,加强控烟宣传教育,提高社会文明程度。 Objective To understand the current situation of smoking bans in public places in Shanghai, assess the implementation effect of the Provisional Regulations on No-smoking in Public Places in Shanghai and provide the basis for further tobacco control legislation. Methods A random sampling method was used to carry out random sampling of non-smoking places, meanwhile inhalable particulate matter (PM) 2.5 in some places was tested. Results The Provisional Regulations on No Smoking in Public Places in Shanghai had a clear effect and broad support was given to tobacco control legislation. However, some non-smoking areas in Shanghai had no non-performance of duties of banning smoking, the system was not sound, publicity and education on tobacco control was not implemented, and indoor air pollution in some places was serious . Conclusion To strengthen the ban on smoking in public places, we must adapt to the national conditions, improve the legislation on tobacco control, build a united front for tobacco control according to law, strengthen publicity and education on tobacco control and enhance the level of social civilization.