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【摘要】在英语中,很多句子可以通过内部词性的转换,同义词、近义词之间的转换,用介词短语、动词的非谓语形式来代替原来句子中的某一部分或全部,使其意思基本不变,一个句子可以有几种表达方式,而这几种表达法之间的转换就是替代法。
【关键词】同义词 转换
The substitution method used in the junior English
Feng Zhengqin
【Abstract】In English, many sentences can have more than one expressing way through the transformation of the part of speech, of the synonym and of the parasynonyms, or replacing some part or all of the primary sentence through the prepositional phrase and non-predicate verb, but the meaning after the transformation or replacement is the same, which way is called the substitution method.
【Keywords】Synonym Transformation
替代法是初中英语的一个重点,更是一个难点。替代法一般有下面几种情况。
1.用同义词、近义词代替原句中的某一部分,保持原意基本不变。
例如:
①林峰会照顾你的孩子的。
Lin Feng will take care of your baby.
Lin Feng will look after your baby.
②这是我的橡皮。
This is my eraser.
This eraser is mine.
③Bob不再是一个学生了。
Bob is no longer a student.
Bob is not a student any more.
2.感叹句之间的相互替代。感叹句的句型可以分别用这样的形式来表示:
2.1
当被修饰的名词是可数名词的单数时,其后的形容词是元音音素开头的用an,如What an old house! 多古老的房子啊!以辅音开头的用a,如What a heavy box! 多重的箱子啊!当被修饰的名词是不可数名词或复数名词时不加冠词,如What bad weather is it today! 今天天气真糟!What heavy boxes they are ! 这些箱子好重啊!
2.2 How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!
例如:
How interesting the books are! 这些书真有趣!
What interesting books they are!(同上)
What an old building it is! 这幢建筑物真古老!
How old the building is!(同上)
(注)只有同时含有形容词和名词的句子方可同时使用以上两种形式,但句中是副词时,只能用how引导的感叹句。
例如:
①The room looks very bright.(改成感叹句)这房间看起来非常明亮。
How bright the room looks!
What a bright room it looks!
②He drives very fast.(改成感叹句)他开车开的快。
=How fast he drives!
3.用介词短语、动词的非谓语形式来替代句中的某一部分并保持原意。
例如:Fish will die if there is no water. 鱼儿离不开水。
Fish will die without water.(同上)
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. 这男孩太小不能上学。
The boy is too young to go to school.(同上)
4.用另一种句型结构来代替。
例如:
John is six years old and Tom is six years old. 约翰六岁,汤姆也六岁。
John is as young as Tom. 约翰和汤姆一样小。
I like English better than math. 我喜欢英语不喜欢数学。
I prefer English to math.(同上)
5.词类间的替代。
例如:
Is there any difference between the two picture ?
(名词)
这两幅画之间有什么不同吗?
Is there anything different between the two picture?(同上)
(形容词)
Who will take care of the babies? 谁来照顾这些婴儿?
(名词)
Who will care for the babies?(同上)
(动词)
She replied with anger. 她生气的回答。
(名词)
She replied angrily.(同上)
(副词)
【关键词】同义词 转换
The substitution method used in the junior English
Feng Zhengqin
【Abstract】In English, many sentences can have more than one expressing way through the transformation of the part of speech, of the synonym and of the parasynonyms, or replacing some part or all of the primary sentence through the prepositional phrase and non-predicate verb, but the meaning after the transformation or replacement is the same, which way is called the substitution method.
【Keywords】Synonym Transformation
替代法是初中英语的一个重点,更是一个难点。替代法一般有下面几种情况。
1.用同义词、近义词代替原句中的某一部分,保持原意基本不变。
例如:
①林峰会照顾你的孩子的。
Lin Feng will take care of your baby.
Lin Feng will look after your baby.
②这是我的橡皮。
This is my eraser.
This eraser is mine.
③Bob不再是一个学生了。
Bob is no longer a student.
Bob is not a student any more.
2.感叹句之间的相互替代。感叹句的句型可以分别用这样的形式来表示:
2.1
当被修饰的名词是可数名词的单数时,其后的形容词是元音音素开头的用an,如What an old house! 多古老的房子啊!以辅音开头的用a,如What a heavy box! 多重的箱子啊!当被修饰的名词是不可数名词或复数名词时不加冠词,如What bad weather is it today! 今天天气真糟!What heavy boxes they are ! 这些箱子好重啊!
2.2 How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!
例如:
How interesting the books are! 这些书真有趣!
What interesting books they are!(同上)
What an old building it is! 这幢建筑物真古老!
How old the building is!(同上)
(注)只有同时含有形容词和名词的句子方可同时使用以上两种形式,但句中是副词时,只能用how引导的感叹句。
例如:
①The room looks very bright.(改成感叹句)这房间看起来非常明亮。
How bright the room looks!
What a bright room it looks!
②He drives very fast.(改成感叹句)他开车开的快。
=How fast he drives!
3.用介词短语、动词的非谓语形式来替代句中的某一部分并保持原意。
例如:Fish will die if there is no water. 鱼儿离不开水。
Fish will die without water.(同上)
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. 这男孩太小不能上学。
The boy is too young to go to school.(同上)
4.用另一种句型结构来代替。
例如:
John is six years old and Tom is six years old. 约翰六岁,汤姆也六岁。
John is as young as Tom. 约翰和汤姆一样小。
I like English better than math. 我喜欢英语不喜欢数学。
I prefer English to math.(同上)
5.词类间的替代。
例如:
Is there any difference between the two picture ?
(名词)
这两幅画之间有什么不同吗?
Is there anything different between the two picture?(同上)
(形容词)
Who will take care of the babies? 谁来照顾这些婴儿?
(名词)
Who will care for the babies?(同上)
(动词)
She replied with anger. 她生气的回答。
(名词)
She replied angrily.(同上)
(副词)