对近十年慢性肾功能衰竭患者６０８例病因学进行分析，将其分为前后五年并与既往文献报道比较，探讨其病因结构变化趋势。常见病因：慢性肾小球肾炎（４７５３％）慢性肾盂肾炎（７５７％）比例下降；糖尿病肾病比例（１４９７％）明显增加；肾小动脉硬化比例（１２６７％）有所上升。提示近十年来慢性肾功能衰竭的病因结构发生较大变化，临床上应加强对有上升趋势病因的早期诊治，这对减少慢性肾功能衰竭的发生及延缓其进展意义重大 In the past ten years, 608 patients with chronic renal failure were analyzed for etiology, which were divided into five years and compared with previous reports to explore the change trend of their etiology and structure. Common causes: chronic pyelonephritis (4753%) chronic pyelonephritis (757%) decreased; diabetic nephropathy (1497%) increased significantly; renal arteriosclerosis (1267%) have Rising. It suggests that the etiology and structure of chronic renal failure have changed greatly in recent ten years, and the early diagnosis and treatment of the cause of upward trend should be strengthened clinically, which is of great significance to reduce the occurrence of chronic renal failure and delay the progress of chronic renal failure