用热电偶测量固体表面温度时,主要的系统误差源是沿热电偶丝的导热以及被测固体表面与热电偶之间的接触热阻。这些误差源的影响在采用带有控制加热的热电偶—补偿热电偶后,可以大大地减小,甚至可消除。譬如,文献[2]中叙述的补偿热电偶,它的工作原理是将经过固体表面与热电偶接触点的热流进行补 When measuring the solid surface temperature with a thermocouple, the main source of systematic error is the thermal conductivity along the thermocouple wire and the thermal contact resistance between the surface of the solid under test and the thermocouple. The effect of these sources of error can be drastically reduced or even eliminated with the use of thermocouple-compensated thermocouples with controlled heating. For example, the compensating thermocouple described in [2] works by adding the heat flux at the point of contact between the solid surface and the thermocouple