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日本福岛核事故以来,全球核能界开始新一轮反思,国际社会出现了“弃核”和“保核”两种不同观点,前者以德国为代表,后者以法国和美国为代表。由于我国能源结构中对传统化石能源的严重依赖,为保障能源安全,应对气候变化,清洁化能源,考虑到核电在我国能源结构中比例较低的现状,发展核电的方向不应改变。基于对美国、法国、日本原子能立法现状的分析和比较,为保障核能产业的健康发展,我国《原子能法》的起草应定位为以环境保护为优先,安全第一,经济性、市场化推动并重,并应进一步理清核能监管体制、建立核污染保险制度。
Since the Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan, the global nuclear community has started a new round of reflection. The international community has two different views: “abandoning nuclear” and “protecting nuclear”. The former is represented by Germany, the latter by France and the United States to represent. Due to the heavy reliance on traditional fossil fuels in China’s energy structure, in order to ensure energy security, combat climate change and clean energy, the direction of nuclear power development should not be changed given the low proportion of nuclear power in China’s energy structure. Based on the analysis and comparison of the status quo of atomic energy legislation in the United States, France and Japan, in order to ensure the healthy development of the nuclear energy industry, the drafting of the “Atomic Energy Law” in our country should be based on the priority of environmental protection, safety first, economy and marketization , And should further clarify the nuclear regulatory system, the establishment of nuclear pollution insurance system.