论文部分内容阅读
近代天津下层妇女的就业,基本是与开埠后城市的发展同步的。到20世纪二三十年代,无论是在就业领域还是就业人数方面都达到了一个前所未有的高度。总体来看,近代天津下层妇女的就业领域非常广泛,就业人数也很庞大,不过都集中在工业、服务业以及商业等需要低技能劳动者和以体力劳动为主的领域,就业层次极低。而且不少工作都是季节性和临时性的。她们的工资收入虽然比较微薄,但对维持家庭基本生活发挥了不可缺少的作用,这一点在贫民家庭里表现得尤其明显。近代天津下层妇女之所以广泛参与就业,大多数都是由于生活困难,不得已而做出的选择。其就业与妇女解放和提倡妇女平等就业思潮有着千丝万缕的关系。
The employment of the lower-class women in modern Tianjin basically coincided with the urban development after the port opening. By the 1920s and 1930s, an unprecedented height was achieved both in terms of employment and employment. In general, the employment of the lower-class women in modern Tianjin is very wide and the number of employed people is also very large. However, they are all concentrated in areas that require low-skilled workers and manual labor, such as industry, services and commerce, and have extremely low levels of employment. And a lot of work is seasonal and temporary. Although their wage incomes are relatively modest, they play an indispensable role in maintaining the basic family life, which is especially evident in the poor families. The reason why the lower-class women in modern Tianjin took part in employment extensively was mostly due to the hardships and difficulties they had to make. Its employment is inextricably linked to the emancipation of women and the promotion of womens equal employment ideas.