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为了研究钱塘江涌潮的动力特征,于2013年11月5—6日在钱塘江杭州段采用沿海声层析(Coastal acoustic tomography,CAT)和温盐深仪(Conductivity temperature depth,CTD)进行了涌潮观测试验。两个观测站位分别设置在沿江两岸,站间距为3050 m,试验历时26 h,成功观测到两次涌潮的全过程。结果表明:两次涌潮到来前后,由双向传播时间差计算得到的断面平均流速的变化范围分别为0.39~-1.08、0.31~-0.85 m/s(东向流为正),水位升高的最大幅度分别为1.38、1.14 m;两次涌潮通过观测站位的波速分别为-8.69、-8.43 m/s;观测断面流量的变化范围为-7753.00~3504.49 m3/s,整个试验期间的平均流量为644.14 m3/s;涌潮的弗劳德数介于1.19~1.29之间,表明观测涌潮为波状涌潮;涌潮到达前后能量的损耗率小于0.6%,符合波状涌潮的能量守恒关系。
In order to study the dynamic characteristics of the tidal bore in the Qiantang River, coastal tidal acoustic tomography (CAT) and Conductivity temperature depth (CTD) were used in the Hangzhou section of the Qiantang River from November 5 to November 6, Observation test. The two observation stations were set up on both sides of the Yangtze River respectively, with a station spacing of 3050 m and a test duration of 26 h. The whole process of two tidal surges was successfully observed. The results show that the average cross-section flow velocities calculated from the two-way propagation time difference range from 0.39 to -1.08 and from 0.31 to -0.85 m / s (the eastward flow is positive) The amplitude of the two tidal bore troughs was -8.69 and -8.43 m / s, respectively. The variation range of the observed section flow was -7753.00-3504.49 m3 / s, and the average flow rate Is 644.14 m3 / s, the Froude number of the tide is between 1.19 and 1.29, which indicates that the observed tide is wavy tide; the energy loss rate before and after the tide reaches less than 0.6%, which is consistent with the energy conservation of wavy tide .