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【目的】回顾性分析健康儿童门诊十多年来生长监测及生长评价情况,为更好地指导今后的保健工作提供依据。【方法】对在儿童医院健康儿童门诊建册及在1996-2000年(简称前5年组)和2003-2007年(简称后5年组)出生的,进行0~3岁儿童保健系统管理的儿童档案进行回顾性分析。采用2005年九市标准[1](简称05标准)进行纵向资料横向分析。【结果】1)本组1 293例儿童,前、后5年组剖宫产率分别为39.90%、49.78%,(χ2=12.69,P<0.01);4~6个月婴儿母乳喂养率,前、后5年组分别为68.89%、67.30%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.37,P>0.05)。2)十多年健康查体中发现:中度贫血18例,佝偻病414例,先天性白内障2例,先天性心脏病12例,脑瘫9例,因晚发性维生素K缺乏性颅内出血、先天性肾上腺功能低下、流脑死亡3例。3)本组儿童体重、身长的平均值,后5年组较前5年组均有增加,但大多年龄组差异不明显,仅有个别年龄组有差异。4)本组散居儿童受检率在~24月龄组前能够达到70%,其后组不能达标,与目前托幼机构开办托儿班使幼儿过早成为集体儿童有关。5)男女童超重和肥胖情况(W/Y):最高出现在出生组,分别为9.56%、6.94%。最低出现在~9月龄组,分别为3.66%、3.33%;无论身长体重在出生时偏离中位数多少,多数儿童在1岁内都会回归,符合儿童趋中性生长规律。【结论】加强各基层健康儿童门诊对生长发育的保健管理及监测工作,注重健康教育,提高儿童保健工作质量。
【Objective】 The purpose of this study is to retrospectively analyze the growth monitoring and growth evaluation of healthy children clinics over the past decade and provide the basis for better guiding the future health care work. 【Methods】 The health care system for children aged 0 ~ 3 years old was established in the outpatient clinic of healthy children in Children’s Hospital and born in 1996-2000 (referred to as the first five years) and 2003-2007 (hereinafter referred to as “the latter five years”) Children’s files were retrospectively analyzed. Nine cities in 2005 using the standard [1] (referred to as 05 standard) for horizontal data horizontal analysis. 【Results】 1) The cesarean section rates of 1 293 children in this group were 39.90% and 49.78% respectively before and after 5 years (χ2 = 12.69, P <0.01). The breastfeeding rate of 4 to 6 months old infants, The former 5 years and the latter 5 years were 68.89% and 67.30% respectively, with no significant difference (χ2 = 0.37, P> 0.05). 2) For more than ten years of physical examination, 18 cases of moderate anemia, 414 cases of rickets, 2 cases of congenital cataracts, 12 cases of congenital heart disease and 9 cases of cerebral palsy were complicated by delayed onset vitamin K deficiency intracranial hemorrhage and congenital Adrenal insufficiency, meningitis death in 3 cases. 3) The average body weight and length of the children in the last five years increased compared with the previous five years, but the difference was not obvious in most of the age groups. There were only differences in individual age groups. 4) The prevalence of scattered children in this group can reach 70% before the age group of ~ 24 months, and the latter group can not meet the standard. It is related to the current nursery school setting up nursery classes to make children too early to become collective children. 5) The prevalence of overweight and obesity in boys and girls (W / Y): The highest was in the birth group, 9.56% and 6.94% respectively. The lowest appeared in the 9-month-old group, accounting for 3.66% and 3.33% respectively. Most children returned within 1 year of age, regardless of their median deviation at birth. 【Conclusion】 We strengthened the health management and monitoring of growth and development of health outpatient clinics at all primary levels, paid attention to health education and improved the quality of child health care work.