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70年代中后期,前苏联海军异军突起,其核潜艇不仅在数量上,而且在质量上都对美国产生了巨大的压力。当时,美国在1957～1967年间制造的核潜艇面临退役,而且,美国由航空兵、反潜水面舰艇、反潜潜艇组成的反潜力量日益感到力不从心。面对这一局势,美国海军当局在财政紧缩的情况下仍然作出决定:在70年代建成一艘性能先进、威慑力巨大的新型潜艇——“俄亥俄”级战略核潜艇。 1976年4月,美国潜艇设计师们开始了这种新型战略核潜艇的建造工作。1979年4月,首艇“俄亥俄”号下水,并于1981年11月加入美国海军的战斗序列。按美国海军的计划,该型潜艇将以每2～3年1艘的速度快速建造20艘。 “俄亥俄”级核潜艇是美国海军的第四代战略核潜艇。第三代“乔
In the mid- and late 1970s, the former Soviet Union's navy was suddenly on the rise. Its nuclear submarines exerted enormous pressure on the United States not only in quantity but also in quality. At that time, the nuclear submarines manufactured by the United States between 1957 and 1967 were faced with decommissioning. Moreover, the anti-submarine forces in the United States, which are made up of air force, anti-submarine surface warships and anti-submarine submarines, are increasingly feeling powerless. In the face of this situation, the U.S. naval authorities still make a decision under fiscal austerity: In the 1970s, a “sub-class” strategic submarine of “Ohio” class with advanced performance and great deterrence was built. In April 1976, American submarine designers started the construction of this new strategic nuclear submarine. April 1979, the first boat “Ohio” into the water, and in November 1981 joined the United States Navy's battle sequence. According to the plans of the U.S. Navy, this type of submarine will rapidly build 20 ships at a speed of 1 ship every 2 to 3 years. “Ohio” class nuclear submarine is the United States Navy's fourth generation strategic nuclear submarine. The third generation "Joe