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根据现有文献的记载 ,我国自秦朝以来就有了通过法律考试选拔官吏的制度。汉代四科中的明习法令科也是考察被举荐者的法律知识。南北朝时 ,南朝齐武帝大臣孔稚曾建议实行单独的法律考试 ,可惜未被采纳。唐代科举考试中的明法科正是总结前代法学考试经验而产生的。关于明法科产生的时间 ,史籍没有明确记载。彭炳金在《论唐代明法考试制度的几个问题》一文中认为是在武德八年 (公元 6 2 5 )以前 ,值得商榷。
According to the records of the existing literature, our country has had the system of selecting officials through legal examinations since the Qin Dynasty. In the Han Dynasty four sections of the Ming Dynasty law department is also investigated the recommended knowledge of the law. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Kong Chih-tung, Minister of the Southern Qi Dynasty, proposed a separate legal examination, which unfortunately was not adopted. The Ming Fa Division in the examination of the imperial examination in the Tang Dynasty produced the experience of the previous law examination. On the time of Ming Fa, historical records are not clearly documented. Peng Bingjin’s article entitled “Several Questions on the Test System of Ming and Southern Dynasties in the Tang Dynasty” is considered to be debatable in the eight years before AD 865 (AD 625).