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以普通小麦J11( Triticu m aestivu m ) ×窄颖赖草( Ley m us angustus)( 花粉经9Gy γ射线辐照,以不辐照的为对照) 杂种幼胚愈伤组织及其再生植株为材料,研究了辐照花粉对其远缘杂种的细胞学效应。结果表明,辐照花粉对其杂种表现出以下细胞学效应:①明显增加了杂种愈伤组织的染色体数目变异幅度,对照为43 ～64 条,而9Gy 辐照的为26 ～65 条;②使杂种愈伤组织染色体数目减少,平均每细胞减少4-9 条染色体;③促进了杂种染色体结构变异,对照染色体结构变异主要为端着丝粒染色体,而辐照的除具有与其相近频率的端着丝粒染色体外,还有与其相近频率的微小染色体;④增加了双着点染色体和环状染色体等的频率,表明辐照花粉促进了染色体易位和重组。
Triticum aestivum and Ley m us angustus (pollen irradiated with 9Gy γ-rays and non-irradiated) were used as reference material to immature embryo callus and its regenerated plants As a material, the cytological effects of irradiated pollen on distant hybrids were studied. The results showed that irradiated pollen showed the following cytological effects on hybrids: ① Significantly increased the number of chromosome callus variation in hybrid callus, the control was 43 ~ 64, while the 9Gy irradiation 26 ~ 65; ② make The number of chromosomes of hybrid callus decreased, with an average of 4-9 chromosomes per cell decreased; ③ The structural variation of hybrid chromosomes was promoted. The structural variations of the control chromosomes were mainly telocentric chromosomes, Mitochondrial chromosomes, there are tiny chromosomes with similar frequency; ④ increased the frequency of double chromosomal and circular chromosomes, indicating that radiation pollen to promote chromosome translocation and recombination.