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作物种质资源是育种和生产重要的物质基础,种质创新是种质资源研究的核心。通过多年的系统研究,我国麻类种质资源研究已跃居世界先进水平,成为世界麻类资源大国。但是,麻类种质创新落后、育种材料遗传基础狭窄、可利用资源贫乏的矛盾还十分突出,种质资源研究与育种和生产还有较大的差距。本文报告了麻类种质创新的方法和技术,麻类优异基因源的发掘和利用,“十五”苎麻、红麻、亚麻、黄麻优异种质创新和利用的成果,对今后的麻类种质创新工作提出了一些设想和建设性建议。
Crop germplasm resources are important material bases for breeding and production. Germplasm innovation is the core of germplasm resources research. After many years of systematic research, the research on hemp germplasm resources in China has risen to the advanced level in the world and has become the world’s major bast resource. However, the innovation of hemp germplasm is backward, the genetic basis of breeding materials is narrow, and the contradiction of scarce resources is still very prominent. There is still a big gap between germplasm research and breeding and production. This paper reports on the methods and techniques for innovation of hemp germplasm, the discovery and utilization of excellent gene sources of hemp, the innovation and utilization of excellent germplasms of ramie, kenaf, flax and jute during the “Tenth Five-year Plan” Quality innovation put forward some ideas and constructive suggestions.