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为研究明渠非恒定流运动特性和输沙机理,建立了长20m,宽29.5cm,高40cm的水槽非恒定流实验系统。该系统包括变坡水槽、供水控制、水位和流速量测、推移质循环及测量5个部分。通过计算机控制生成设定的非恒定流过程;沿水槽架设的6个压力传感器监控沿水槽的水位变化;采用二维激光流速仪测量垂线流速分布。初步试验结果表明:该系统可以生成稳定可重复的非恒定流过程,得到包括水深、流量、流速及输沙率变化的大量非恒定流试验数据,为洪水波的运动特性及输沙特性研究奠定了基础。
In order to study the unsteady flow characteristics and sediment transport mechanism of open channel, a system of unsteady flow was established, which is 20m long, 29.5cm wide and 40cm high. The system includes variable slope sink, water supply control, water level and flow rate measurement, push mass circulation and measurement of 5 parts. Six sets of pressure sensors are installed along the sink to monitor the water level changes along the sink. The two-dimensional laser flowmeter is used to measure the vertical velocity distribution. The preliminary experimental results show that the system can generate a stable and repeatable unsteady flow process and obtain a large amount of unsteady flow experimental data including the changes of water depth, flow rate, flow rate and sediment transport rate, and lay a foundation for the study of the movement characteristics and sediment transport characteristics of flood waves The foundation.