作者在尸检中发现4例。脊髓中央髓鞘溶解症(CSM)例1,女,65岁。患者有酒精性肝硬化、Wernicke′s脑病、Korsakoff′s精神病及慢性单核细胞性白血病病史。入院时血清钠145mEq/l、钾2.2mEq/l,第5日钠降至130mEq/l。终因昏迷、血压降低于第7日死亡。尸检:酒精性肝硬化。脊髓损害从上胸段延及颈段,围绕薄束中部,其最大范围累及双侧楔束,主要为致密的胶质疤痕伴少量轴索肿胀,血管壁显著增厚伴明显透明性变及内皮细胞增生,并可见用少量饱含脂肪的巨噬细胞。例2,男,53岁。因体位性低血压伴体重明显减轻1年入院。患者长期酗酒并有高血压病及贫血。有长期服用双氢克尿 The authors found 4 cases in autopsy. Central myelinolysis (CSM) Case 1, female, 65 years old. Patients had alcoholic cirrhosis, Wernicke’s encephalopathy, Korsakoff’s psychosis, and chronic monocytic leukemia. At admission, serum sodium 145mEq / l, potassium 2.2mEq / l, the 5th sodium decreased to 130mEq / l. The final result was a coma, blood pressure dropped on the seventh day of death. Autopsy: alcoholic cirrhosis. Spinal cord injury extends from the upper thoracic segment to the cervical segment, and the widest part of the lesion involves the bilateral wedge, which is mainly composed of dense glial scar with a small amount of axonal swelling, thickening of the vessel wall with obvious change of transparency and endothelium Cell proliferation, and visible with a small amount of fat-containing macrophages. Example 2, male, 53 years old. Due to orthostatic hypotension with body weight was significantly reduced 1 year admission. Patients with chronic alcoholism and hypertension and anemia. Long-term use of hydrochlorothiazide