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目的探讨短程安定与长程苯巴比妥预防小儿复发性热性惊厥的价值。方法将发作 2次以上的热性惊厥患儿 12 4例 ,其中单纯型 83例为安定组 ,复杂型 41例为苯巴比妥组。安定组口服安定片 2 .5 mg/( kg·次 ) ,8小时再服同样剂量 1次。苯巴比妥组口服苯巴比妥 2 .5 mg/( kg· d) ,每日 1次 ,控制热性惊厥不再发作后 1～ 2年停药。观察两组热性惊厥的复发率、惊厥持续时间及严重性。结果1安定组发热 416次 ,用药 388次 ,15例患儿复发惊厥 ,计惊厥 33次 ,其中 2 8次发作前未服用安定 ;5次发作前服用过安定的患儿中 ,3次服用药过迟 ,2次用量过小。苯巴比妥组发热 2 10次 ,7例患儿复发惊厥 15次 ,其中 9次发作前未服用苯巴比妥 ;2次用量过小 ,3例用药过迟 ,1例 48小时后复发惊厥。2两组患儿预防性用药后惊厥复发率、惊厥持续时间及严重性比较无显著性差异 ( P>0 .0 5 )。结论短程安定与长程苯巴比妥疗法预防小儿复发性热性惊厥疗效确切。但短程安定起效快、毒性低 ;毋须门诊进行血药浓度监测。苯巴比妥半衰期长 ,平均 96小时 ,故不适用于短程间歇给药。
Objective To investigate the value of short-term stability and long-term phenobarbital in the prevention of recurrent febrile seizures in children. Methods One hundred and twenty-four children with febrile seizures with episodes of more than 2 episodes were randomly divided into diazepam group (83 cases) and phenobarbital group (41 cases). Diazepam oral diazepam 2 .5 mg / (kg · times), 8 hours and then the same dose of 1 time. Phenobarbital oral phenobarbital 2.5 mg / (kg · d), once a day, control of febrile seizures without recurrence after 1 to 2 years withdrawal. The recurrence rate, duration and severity of febrile seizures were observed in both groups. Results 1 diazepam fever 416 times, medication 388 times, 15 cases of recurrent seizures in children, accounting for seizures 33 times, of which 28 before seizures did not take diazepam; 5 seizures taken before the stability of children, 3 doses Too late, 2 times the amount is too small. Phenobarbital fever 2 10 times, 7 cases of recurrent seizures in children 15 times, of which 9 before the onset did not take phenobarbital; 2 times the amount of too small, 3 cases of medication too late, 1 case of recurrent seizures after 48 hours . There was no significant difference in relapse rate, duration and severity of convulsion (P> 0.05) between the two groups after prophylactic treatment. Conclusion Short-term stability and long-term phenobarbital therapy in children with recurrent febrile seizures exact effect. However, short-term stability and rapid onset, low toxicity; no outpatient blood concentration monitoring. Phenobarbital half-life long, an average of 96 hours, it is not suitable for short-term intermittent administration.