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目的通过超声检查2型糖尿病患者的颈动脉和下肢动脉,分析粥样硬化斑块程度及内-中膜厚度(IMT)和大血管病变的情况,为临床治疗提供依据。方法对81例2型糖尿病住院患者行颈动脉和下肢动脉超声检查,分析斑块、IMT特点以及相关因素。结果糖尿病患者并发动脉粥样硬化斑块组高血压发生率为67.7%,无斑块组高血压发生率为37.5%,斑块组高血压发生率明显高于无斑块组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。斑块严重程度与糖尿病病程、年龄相关(P<0.05)。颈动脉及下肢动脉均有斑块组患者比例(56.9%)明显高于单纯颈动脉(26.2%)或下肢动脉斑块组(16.9%)。不同病程糖尿病患者动脉IMT比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对2型糖尿病患者及早行血管超声检查,有利于早期发现糖尿病大血管并发症,及早干预治疗,延缓其进展,减少患者致残和致死率。
Objective To investigate the level of atherosclerotic plaque, the thickness of medial intima - media (IMT) and macrovascular diseases by ultrasound examination of the carotid and lower extremity arteries in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to provide the basis for clinical treatment. Methods 81 patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized patients underwent carotid and lower extremity arterial ultrasonography, plaque, IMT characteristics and related factors. Results The incidence of hypertension was 67.7% in diabetic patients with atherosclerotic plaque and 37.5% in patients without plaque. The incidence of hypertension in plaque was significantly higher than that without plaque Significance (P <0.05). Plaque severity and duration of diabetes, age (P <0.05). The proportion of carotid and lower extremity arteries in plaque group (56.9%) was significantly higher than that in simple carotid artery (26.2%) or lower extremity arterial plaque group (16.9%). There was no significant difference in arterial IMT between diabetic patients with different course of disease (P> 0.05). Conclusion Early diagnosis of type 2 diabetes patients with vascular ultrasound is conducive to the early detection of diabetic macrovascular complications, early intervention, delay the progress and reduce the disability and mortality in patients.